Investigation of the Protective Effect of Probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum Ep-M17 on the Hepatopancreas of Penaeus vannamei

Figure 7

The differences between metabolic groups were analyzed using a negative/positive ion mode volcano map. (a and b): negative/positive ion mode volcano map. This plot shows the relationship between the fold change and the statistical significance of differentially expressed metabolites. The X-axis shows the fold change values and the Y-axis shows the—log₁₀ transformed P-values. Metabolites that meet the criteria of FC > 1.5 and P-value < 0.05 are highlighted in red, while metabolites with FC < 0.05 are highlighted in blue. Metabolites that do not meet these criteria are shown in black. (c and d) negative/positive ion pattern volcano plot (colours correlate with differential metabolite chemical classification). The plot shows the logarithmic values of the fold change and the significance P-value for different metabolites. Metabolites with a fold change greater than 1.5 and a P-value less than 0.05 are shown in red, while metabolites with a fold change less than 0.05 are shown in blue. Metabolites that do not show significant differences are displayed in black. The chemical classification of metabolites is also represented by different colors.

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