Optimizing the Dry Sliding Wear Behavior of Stir-Casted Al6061/Nano-Al₂O₃/Quartz Hybrid Metal Matrix Composite Using Taguchi Method

Table 1

Review of aluminum metal matrix composites focusing on optimization of sliding wear rate.

Ref.	Material (matrix and reinforcement)	Fabrication technique	Optimization technique	Optimized parameters	Objective
[35]	Matrix: Al7075; Rein.: TiC/Gr/Al2O3	Stir casting	Taguchi L8	Load: 20 N; wt.% of Gr: 6%; wt.% of Al2O3: 7%	Minimum dry sliding wear
[36]	Matrix: Al2219; Rein.: B4C/Gr/MoS2	Stir casting	Design of experiment (DOE)L27	Load: 20 N; Sliding speed: 1.25 m/s; Sliding distance: 400 m	Minimum dry sliding wear
[37]	Matrix: Al5059; Rein.: SiC/MoS2	Stir casting and compo casting	Taguchi L27	Load: 38 N; wt.% of Si: 5%; Particle size: 10 µm; Sliding speed: 1.7 m/s; Sliding distance: 600 m	Minimum dry sliding wear and coefficient of friction
[38]	Matrix: Al7075; Rein.: Al2O3/B4C	Stir casting	Taguchi L27	Load: 20 N; Sliding speed: 4.5 m/s; Sliding distance: 300 m	Minimum dry sliding wear and coefficient of friction
[39]	Matrix: LM25; Rein.: Fly ash	Stir casting	Taguchi L9	Load: 45 N; wt.% of fly ash: 3%; Sliding speed: 1.5 m/s; Sliding distance: 500 m	Minimum dry sliding wear
[40]	Matrix: AA6061; Rein.: Al2O3/SiC	Squeeze casting	Taguchi L9	Load: 20 N; Sliding speed: 1 m/s; Sliding distance: 1,200 m	Minimum dry sliding wear
[41]	Matrix: AA2219; Rein.: Gr/MoS2	Two-step stir casting	Taguchi L27	Dry condition; Load: 2 kg; Rotational speed: 200 rpm; wt.% of MoS2: 3%; Disc hardness: 56 HRC	Minimum sliding wear rate at dry and wet conditions
				Wet condition; Load: 2 kg; Rotational speed: 200 rpm; wt.% of MoS2: 4.4%; Disc hardness: 62 HRC
[42]	Matrix: Al7050; Rein.: SiC	Stir casting	Taguchi L27	wt.% of SiC: 6%; Sliding speed: 2 m/s; Sliding distance: 1,800 m	Minimum dry sliding wear
[43]	Matrix: Al6061; Rein.: Al2O3/MoS2	Stir casting	Design of experiment (DOE)L9	Load: 30 N; Sliding speed: 1.25 m/s; wt.% of Al2O3: 12%; wt.% of MoS2: 4%	Minimum dry sliding wear
[44]	Matrix: Al6063; Rein.: SiC/Palm kernel shell ash	Two-step stir casting	Taguchi L27 and Grey relation analysis (GRA)	Load: 250 g; Rotational speed: 250 rpm; wt.% of SiC: 3%	Minimum dry sliding wear and coefficient of friction
[45]	Matrix: 99% pure Al; Rein.: Red mud (RM)	Powder metallurgy	Grey relation analysis (GRA)	Load: 10 N; Sliding speed: 3 m/s; wt.% of RM: 12%; Disc hardness: 62 HRC	Minimum dry sliding wear and coefficient of friction
[46]	Matrix: AA5052; Rein.: Al2O3/Zirconium dioxide	Stir casting	Gray relation analysis (GRA)	Load: 25 N; Rotational speed: 300 rpm; wt.% of Al2O3: 5%	Minimum dry sliding wear