Review Article
A Review on the Impact of Bio-Additives on Tribological Behavior of Diesel Fuels
Table 2
Common fatty acids found in vegetable oil.
| | Fatty acid composition | Vegetable oils | | Cottonseed oil [88] | Castor oil [89, 90] | Jatropha curcas [89, 91] | Neem oil [89] | Sugar cane mud [92] |
| | Myristic acid (C14 : 0) | 0.7 | — | 0.1 | — | 0.7 | | Palmitic acid (C16 : 0) | 21.6 | 1.3 | 14.2 | 18.1 | 20.2 | | Palmitoleic acid (C16 : 1) | 0.6 | — | 0.7 | — | — | | Margaric (17 : 0) | — | — | 0.1 | — | — | | Stearic acid (C18 : 0) | 2.6 | 1.2 | 7 | 18.1 | 4.3 | | Oleic acid (C18 : 1) | 18.6 | 3.6 | 44.7 | 44.5 | 4.4 | | Linoleic acid (C18 : 2) | 54.7 | 5.5 | 32.8 | 18.3 | 1.3 | | Linolenic acid (C18 : 3) | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 2.1 | | Ricinoleic acid (18 : 1-OH) | — | 86.0 | — | — | — | | Arachidic acid (C20 : 0) | 0.3 | — | 0.2 | 0.8 | 0.2 | | Behenic acid (C22 : 0) | 0.2 | — | — | — | — | | N-tetracosanoic (C24 : 0) | — | — | — | — | 0.7 | | N-hexacosanoic (C26 : 0) | — | — | — | — | 0.3 | | N-octacosanoic (C28 : 0) | — | — | — | — | 25.6 | | N-nonacosanoic (C29 : 0) | — | — | — | — | 1.2 | | N-triacontanoic (C30 : 0) | — | — | — | — | 15.0 | | N-dotriacontanoic (C32 : 0) | — | — | — | — | 8.3 | | N-tetratriacontanoic (C34 : 0) | — | — | — | — | 11.1 | | Saturated | 25.4 | 2.5 | 21.6 | 37 | 87.6 | | Monounsaturated | 19.2 | 89.6 | 45.4 | 44.5 | 4.4 | | Polyunsaturated | 55.4 | 6.0 | 33 | 18.5 | 3.4 |
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