Outcome of COVID-19 Patients Presented with Gastrointestinal and Hepatic Manifestations
Table 4
Association between demographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, and patients with abnormal liver chemistries at admission.
Characteristics
Patients with normal liver chemistry ()
Patients with abnormal liver chemistry ()
Overall ()
value
Demographic characteristics
Age in yrs ()
<0.001
Sex: female %
57 (50%)
48 (37.8%)
0.056
BMI ()
0.985
Preexisting GI diseases - %
4 (3.5%)
1 (0.8%)
5(2.1%)
0.303
Preexisting liver diseases -%
6 (5.3%)
7 (5.6%)
13(5.4%)
0.537
Other comorbidities - %
51 (44.7%)
76 (59.8%)
127(52.7%)
0.019
Complete vaccination - %
23 (20.2%)
15 (11.8%)
38(15.8%)
0.040
Days of disease onset at the time of admission ()
0.408
Presenting symptoms at onset (GI vs. non-GI) () (%)
16 (14%) vs. 98 (86%)
30 (23.6%) vs. 97 (76.4%)
0.059
Clinical characteristics ()
WCC (×109/L)
<0.001
Lymphocyte (×109/L)
0.033
Platelet (×109/L)
0.541
Albumin (mg/dL)
<0.001
INR
<0.001
Treatment at hospital:(%)
AV alone
10 (8.8%)
9 (7.1%)
CS alone
19 (16.7%)
31 (24.4%)
AV and CS combined
10 (8.8%)
49 (38.6%)
CS and IM combined
NIL
2 (1.6%)
AV, CS, and IM combined
1 (0.9%)
2 (1.6%)
Data are expressed as mean (SD) or (%). BMI: body mass index; GI: gastrointestinal; WCC: white cell count; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; ALP: alkaline phosphatase; INR: international normalized ratio; SD: standard deviation; AV: antiviral; CS: corticosteroid; IM: immunomodulator.
