Voice Assistant Utilization among the Disability Community for Independent Living: A Rapid Review of Recent Evidence

Table 1

Inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Criteria	Inclusion	Exclusion criteria
Population	People with disabilities (PWD) in the home and community setting	PWD in rehabilitation, hospital, or long-term care facilities, or no mention of PWD
Intervention	Any mainstream personal voice assistant	Describes technical developments but not use by PWD, except for developments aimed at eliminating specific barriers of existing voice assistants; Technology that requires nonvoice input or nonvoice equivalent input to accomplish the primary function
Comparison	None or control group	None
Outcome of interest	Usage and impact on independence and participation	Insufficient information on how interactions support or hinder participation and independence
Time	2021–present (via date limiters)	Pre-2021 (via date limiters)
Language	English or Spanish	Other languages

includes disabilities of any type of disability (e.g., motor, sensory, speech, and intellectual) among any adult age group. includes Amazon Alexa, Google Assistant, Apple Siri, Microsoft’s Cortana, and Samsung Bixby.