A Dual-Hierarchy Synchronization Method for Signal Preambles with High Detection Rates for Satellite-Based ADS-B Receivers with Different Sensitivities

<div>The <i>SEI</i> obtained after using the verdict of <svg height="12.2532pt" id="M173" style="vertical-align:-3.29108pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.96212 33.4309 12.2532" width="33.4309pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M620 675H597C578 656 570 650 541 650H144C112 650 104 653 94 675H72C59 618 42 552 23 493L53 491C71 534 88 564 105 585C124 608 144 615 238 615H290L197 121C182 40 174 34 88 28L82 0H361L367 28C275 34 266 38 281 121L374 615H441C522 615 543 608 553 583C562 560 566 531 565 493L597 494C603 551 612 629 620 675Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,7.176,3.132)"><path d="M1006 650H829L492 147L357 650H174L166 618C270 609 275 601 247 502L194 315C158 189 136 127 122 96C104 56 80 37 18 32L12 0H256L263 32C181 40 176 51 183 98C188 132 197 179 226 281L299 541H301L433 6H458L809 551H811L753 141C739 41 734 39 650 32L642 0H917L923 32C836 39 827 41 839 142L887 535C896 610 901 612 997 618L1006 650Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,16.068,3.132)"><path d="M463 633C453 636 427 644 417 648C388 660 349 667 316 667C183 667 100 592 100 483C100 398 176 335 223 305L259 282C321 242 358 203 358 149C358 66 301 22 234 22C110 22 70 131 57 208L24 205L28 48C51 23 128 -17 215 -17C342 -17 446 60 446 174C446 262 394 310 317 361L284 383C229 420 183 455 183 515C183 569 222 628 298 628C384 628 418 563 428 481L461 487C459 527 458 593 463 633Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,20.253,3.132)"><path d="M615 650H141L132 618C223 612 227 607 212 526L136 123C122 42 112 38 27 32L18 0H522C539 33 580 135 592 166L558 179C536 139 512 100 486 75C454 48 420 41 345 41C287 41 252 42 237 55C221 68 220 100 231 158L261 316H357C455 316 455 309 455 235H489L529 437H494C468 366 460 360 369 360H269L305 565C315 609 316 611 357 611H450C525 611 535 599 548 578C559 556 561 526 560 482L595 486L615 650Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,25.676,3.132)"><path d="M786 370C786 572 637 650 431 650H137L130 618C217 606 220 603 204 519L129 127C115 48 107 39 26 30L18 0H270C410 0 516 20 609 75C722 140 786 240 786 370ZM683 373C683 178 547 40 323 40C298 40 264 40 241 45C213 51 207 64 220 127L295 545C304 582 309 595 320 601C335 610 367 613 406 613C570 613 683 538 683 373Z"></path></g></svg> on the cumulative energy <svg height="12.7178pt" id="M174" style="vertical-align:-3.42947pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.28833 21.1211 12.7178" width="21.1211pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M475 445L452 468C423 436 401 426 385 426S352 427 305 436C268 443 216 448 185 448C156 448 128 425 102 382C89 360 77 338 64 304L89 291C117 340 143 380 190 380C214 380 268 376 295 373C320 370 344 371 362 374L70 101C32 65 23 36 23 18C23 5 27 -3 31 -8C36 -8 39 -6 42 -1C52 15 67 31 80 40S110 49 143 33C195 8 257 -20 290 -20C339 -20 382 11 439 129L416 148C366 74 334 55 305 55C278 55 236 68 203 81C169 94 141 100 122 96C205 170 348 308 411 376L475 445Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,6.475,0)"><path d="M290 -163V-135C183 -126 181 -122 181 -44V583C181 662 184 666 290 675V703H120V-163H290Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,10.96,0)"><path d="M394 607C394 634 378 655 350 655C315 655 294 620 294 594C294 564 314 546 339 546C372 546 394 574 394 607ZM360 349C373 414 374 448 351 448C321 448 249 404 183 338L197 313C223 336 265 367 276 367C285 367 283 355 275 313C241 129 220 23 189 -102C175 -158 153 -197 124 -197C106 -197 85 -187 70 -177C64 -173 51 -177 44 -183C34 -193 23 -209 23 -228C23 -244 46 -261 67 -261C86 -261 127 -245 181 -197C237 -147 279 -52 303 66L360 349Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,16.46,0)"><path d="M226 -163V703H56V676C162 667 165 662 165 584V-43C165 -122 162 -126 56 -136V-163H226Z"></path></g></svg> according to decision 1.</div>

International Journal of Aerospace Engineering

fig5

Figure 5

Figure 5: A Dual-Hierarchy Synchronization Method for Signal Preambles with High Detection Rates for Satellite-Based ADS-B Receivers with Different Sensitivities 

Figure 5 | A Dual-Hierarchy Synchronization Method for Signal Preambles with High Detection Rates for Satellite-Based ADS-B Receivers with Different Sensitivities 