Analysis of Amino Acid Changes in the Fusion Protein of Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus from Vaccinated Poultry in Nigerian Isolates

Table 6

Amino acid changes along fusion protein of vNDV study isolates compared with vaccine strains and strains previously reported in Nigeria and West Africa.

ID virus isolate	Amino acid at indicated position on fusion protein
	HRa	HRb					Conserved cysteine residue	HRc
	145	272	278	285	288	297	394	476	479	482	486	494	498
KU665482.1 LaSota.71.IR/2016^†	K	N	S	I	T	N	C	N	N	E	R	K	T
KT445901.1 Avian orthoavulavirus 1 strain Komarov^†	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	S	—	—
JF950509.1 Newcastle disease virus strain Mukteswar^†	N	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	D	—	S	R	—
JN872154.1 Avian orthoavulavirus 1 isolate Beaudette C^†	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	S	—	—
JN872151.1 Avian orthoavulavirus 1 isolate Hitchner^†	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
JX316216.1 Newcastle disease virus strain R2B^†	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	G	—	S	—	—
EU289028.1 Newcastle disease virus strain VG/GA^†	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
JN872152.1 Avian orthoavulavirus 1 isolate Ulster^†	N	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	D	—	S	—	—
KC987036.1 Newcastle disease virus strain F^†	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	S	—	—
OK491971 Avian orthoavulavirus 1 isolate KN 14^‡	N	Y	P	—	N	—	—	—	D	A	N	R	S
OK491972 Avian orthoavulavirus 1 isolate KN 36^‡	N	Y	P	—	N	—	—	—	D	A	N	R	S
OK491973 Avian orthoavulavirus 1 isolate KN 48^‡	N	Y	P	K	N	K	—	—	D	A	N	R	S
OK491974 Avian orthoavulavirus 1 isolate KN 55^‡	N	Y	P	—	N	—	—	—	D	A	N	R	S
OK491975 Avian orthoavulavirus 1 isolate KN 56^‡	N	Y	P	K	N	—	—	—	D	A	N	R	S
OK491976 Avian orthoavulavirus 1 isolate KN 71^‡	N	Y	P	—	N	—	—	T	D	A	N	R	S
OK491977 Avian orthoavulavirus 1 isolate KN 75^‡	N	Y	P	—	N	—	S	—	D	A	N	R	S
KU058680.1 NDV/Duck/Nigeria/903/KUDU-113/1992^‡	N	Y	—	—	N	—	—	—	D	A	S	R	—
HF969167.1 NDV/Turkey/Nigeria/NIE 10–082/2011^‡	N	Y	P	—	N	—	—	—	D	A	N	R	A
HF969143.1 NDV/Chicken/Nigeria/NIE 09–1597/2009^‡	N	Y	P	—	N	—	—	—	D	A	D	R	A
FJ772449.1 NDV/Avian-913-33-Nigeria-2006	N	Y	—	—	N	—	—	S	D	A	S	R	—
JX390609.1 NDV/Chicken/Togo/AKO18/2009	N	Y	P	—	N	—	—	—	D	A	S	R	—
HF969175.1 NDV/Chicken/Nigeria/NIE 10–306/2011	N	Y	—	—	N	—	—	—	D	A	S	R	—
JF966385.1 NDV 2008 Mali ML007-08	N	Y	—	—	N	—	—	S	D	A	S	R	—
MT543153.1 NDV/Chicken/Niger/89/2019	N	Y	P	—	N	—	—	—	D	A	N	R	S

Variable positions along functional sites in the fusion protein showing point mutation compared with nine commercially available vaccine strains using LaSota KU665482.1 as reference. Mutation patterns vary in some instances among research isolates. Reference strain. ^†Vaccine strain. ^‡Study isolates^.Previous Nigerian isolates. —, no change in the aa compared with the reference; HR = heptad repeats; K: lysine; N: asparagine; Y: tyrosine; S: serine; P: proline; I: isoleucine; T: threonine; D: aspartic acid; G: glycine; E: glutamic acid; A: alanine; R: arginine.