Inoculation of Native Arbuscular Mycorrhizae and Bacillus subtilis Can Improve Growth in Vegetable Crops
Table 3
Effect of inoculation and chemical fertilizer on growth characteristics of L. esculentum, A. cepa, and C. pepo.
Treatments
Plants parameters
SH (cm/p)
RH (cm/p)
NB (n/p)
SFW (g/p)
RFW (g/p)
SDW (g/p)
RDW (g/p)
L. esculentum
T1
52.3 ± 0.1c
19.4 ± 0.3c
13 ± 0.0bc
28.6 ± 0.1c
4.4 ± 0.1c
6.0 ± 0.2c
1.0 ± 0.0c
T2
61.4 ± 0.3ab
25.9 ± 0.1a
14.3 ± 0.3ab
38.9 ± 0.1a
7.2 ± 0.3a
12.7 ± 0.1a
2.7 ± 0.0a
T3
50.3 ± 0.4c
16.8 ± 0.3d
13 ± 0.0bc
24 ± 0.1d
3 ± 0.0d
4 ± 0.0d
0.7 ± 0.0d
T4
57.8 ± 0.1b
22.8 ± 0.4b
13.6 ± 0.3ab
31.4 ± 0.4b
5.4 ± 0.12b
7.7 ± 0.1b
1.9 ± 0.0b
T5
44.2 ± 2d
14.6 ± 0.2e
11.6 ± 0.3cd
21.0 ± 0.6e
1.9 ± 0.06e
2 ± 0.0e
0.1 ± 0.0e
T6
29.2 ± 1.3e
10.7 ± 0.3f
10.3 ± 0.3d
15.4 ± 0.6f
1 ± 0.1f
0.7 ± 0.0f
0.0 ± 0.0f
T7
65.1 ± 0.1a
26.9 ± 0.5a
14.6 ± 0.3a
39.7 ± 0.2a
7.5 ± 0.2a
12.1 ± 0.1a
2.6 ± 0.1a
A. cepa
T1
50.4 ± 0.6c
12.2 ± 0.2bc
3.6 ± 0.3ab
11.9 ± 0.2b
0.8 ± 0.0b
0.7 ± 0.0b
0.04 ± 0.0b
T2
57.9 ± 0.1b
15.2 ± 0.3a
5 ± 0.0a
15.1 ± 0.3a
1.6 ± 0.0a
1.4 ± 0.0a
0.06 ± 0.0a
T3
45.5 ± 0.2d
11.7 ± 0.2c
3.6 ± 0.3ab
9.2 ± 0.2c
0.4 ± 0.0c
0.6 ± 0.0c
0.02 ± 0.0c
T4
52.4 ± 0.7c
13.3 ± 0.3b
4.6 ± 0.3a
13 ± 0.4b
1.1 ± 0.1b
0.8 ± 0.0b
0.04 ± 0.0b
T5
20.6 ± 0.9e
4.6 ± 0.4d
2.6 ± 0.3b
1.2 ± 0.0d
0.0 ± 0.0d
0.04 ± 0.0d
0.01 ± 0.0d
T6
18.5 ± 0.3e
4.3 ± 0.4d
2.3 ± 0.3b
1.1 ± 0.0d
0.03 ± 0.0d
0.03 ± 0.0d
0.01 ± 0.0d
T7
59.4 ± 0.7a
15.2 ± 0.2a
5 ± 0.0a
16.5 ± 0.6a
1.9 ± 0.0a
1.5 ± 0.0a
0.06 ± 0.0a
C. pepo
T1
66.8 ± 0.5c
8 ± 3bc
8.3 ± 0.3ab
48.2 ± 0.1bc
3.4 ± 0.2b
7.9 ± 0.1c
1.0 ± 0.0c
T2
71.9 ± 0.8ab
10.8 ± 0.3a
9 ± 0.0a
54 ± 0.3a
5.0 ± 0.1a
14 ± 0.0a
2.2 ± 0.0a
T3
64.8 ± 0.5c
6.2 ± 0.2cd
7.3 ± 0.3b
45.5 ± 0.9c
2.1 ± 0.1c
6.7 ± 0.0d
0.8 ± 0.0c
T4
68.7 ± 0.2bc
9.5 ± 0.3ab
8.6 ± 0.3ab
52.6 ± 0.2ab
3.8 ± 0.2b
9.8 ± 0.0b
1.4 ± 0.0b
T5
58.7 ± 1.1d
4.9 ± 0.1de
5.6 ± 0.3c
38.9 ± 0.7d
1.4 ± 0.0cd
5.0 ± 0.0e
0.5 ± 0.0e
T6
46.1 ± 1.5e
3.7 ± 0.1e
5.3 ± 0.3c
28.4 ± 0.1e
0.9 ± 0.0d
2.7 ± 0.0f
0.3 ± 0.0e
T7
73 ± 0.5a
11.1 ± 0.7a
9.3 ± 0.3a
57.3 ± 1.1a
5.4 ± 0.2a
14.2 ± 0.2a
2.2 ± 0.0a
T1: inoculation with a consortium with AMF; T2: dual inoculation with a consortium of AMF and Bacillus subtilis; T3: single inoculation with Rhizophagus clarus; T4: dual inoculation of R. clarus and B. subtilis; T5: single inoculation with B. subtilis; T6: negative control (noninoculated and not fertilized); T7: positive control (chemical fertilizer). SH—shoot height, RH—root height, NB—number of branches, SFW—fresh weight of shoot, RFW—fresh weight of root, SDW—dry weight of shoot, RDW—dry weight of root. The same letter in the row indicates not significantly different values based on one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s honestly significant difference (HSD) post hoc test ().