Research Article
Luminescent Probe Based on Terbium-Carbon Quantum Dots for the Quantification of Imidacloprid in Caneberries
Table 2
Comparison of analytical parameters with alternative methods for the analysis of IMID.
| Method | Sample | Sample treatment | LOD (mg·kg−1) | Recovery (%) | RSD (%) | Ref. |
| UHPLC-MS/MS | Barberry | QuEChERS | 0.005 | 88–90 | 12 | [13] | UHPLC-MS/MS | Honey, pollen, royal jelly | QuEChERS, d-SPE or DLLME | 0.1–3 | 80–109 | <10 | [14] | HPLC-MS/MS | Milk | d-SPE | 0.13 | 87–96 | <5 | [16] | SERS | Green textile materials | | 3 (ng) | | 7 | [18] | SERS | Mango fruits | QuEChers | 0.02 | | 13 | [19] | Chemiluminescence | Test strips | Reaction with luminol | 1.7 (μg·L−1) | 83–103 | <10 | [20] | Chemilum-ELISA | Honeybee | LLE | 0.11 (μg·L−1) | 73–116 | <9 | [21] | Fluorescence | Bok choy | | 1.67 (mg·L−1) | 94–100 | 3 | [22] | Fluoroimmunoassay | Rice, apple | Gold nanoclusters | 0.1 (μg·L−1) | 85–107 | <6 | [23] | Fluorescence | Soil, orange, tomato | MIP | 0.011 (μg·L−1) | 95–101 | 1.2 | [24] | Fluorescence | Fruits and vegetables | Upconversion nanomaterials | 0.032 (μg·L−1) | 83–115 | <9 | [25] | Proposed | Caneberries | QuEChers | 0.9 | 96–104 | <5 | |
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SERS, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy; d-SPE, dispersive solid-phase extraction; DLLME, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction; LLE, liquid-liquid extraction; MIP, molecular imprinted polymer; LOD, limit of detection; RSD, relative standard deviation.
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