Research Article

The Asymmetric Effects of Oil Price Shocks on Aggregate Demand for Goods and Services in Ghana

Table 4

Unit root test results.

VariablesLevelFirst difference
InterceptTrendInterceptTrend

LROP0.347-2.534-6.074-6.166
LGDP5.376-0.926-3.251-5.687
LCONS2.300-2.445-6.508-7.444
LGOV2.644-1.307-5.501-6.227
LPINV1.008-2.524-8.245-8.847
LIMP1.207-2.012-5.788-6.284
LRM22.388-1.163-5.323-6.135
FB-1.431-3.856-9.759-9.587
NEXR8.7475.257-0.832-2.307

Significant at 1% and significant at 5%. Critical values at 5%: Level: -3.520; First difference: -3.524; Trend: -2.628.