Review Article

The Question of HIV Vaccine: Why Is a Solution Not Yet Available?

Table 3

HIV-1 clinical trial that used Mosaic vaccine design.

Study IDClinical trials identifierYear startedImmunogen/descriptionCountryPopulation enrolledNoteReferences

IAVI B003NCT012151492010Adenovirus serotype 26 with an HIV-1 envelope A insert (Ad26.EnvA)
Adenovirus serotype 35 with an HIV-1 envelope A insert (Ad35.Env)
US, Kenya
Rwanda, South Africa
Healthy adults
of both sexes
Homologous and heterologous regimens[150]

MENSCHNCT022181252014MVA-vectored HIV-1 bivalent mosaic immunogen vaccine (MVA.mos1 and MVA.mos2; MVA Mosaic) which delivered two different but complementary HIV-1 gag/pol/env insertsUS, Kenya
Rwanda, South Africa
Healthy adults of both sexes and
those who had received two or three doses of NCT00618605
[127]

APPROACHNCT023157032014Prime: Ad26.Mos1.Env, Ad26.Mos1.Gag-Pol, and Ad26.Mos2.Gag-Pol
Boost: Ad26.Mos.HIV or MVA-mosaic with or without gp140 protein
US, Rwanda,
South Africa, Thailand, Uganda
Healthy adults
of both sexes
Aluminum phosphate adjuvanted with clade C Env gp140 protein[144]

CR108068NCT026850202016Ad26.Mos.HIV mosaic Env, Gag, and Pol antigens
Clade C gp140
USHealthy adults
of both sexes
[151]

TRAVERSENCT027880452016Prime: trivalent Ad26.Mos.HIV or tetravalent Ad26.Mos4.HIV
Boost: trivalent Ad26.Mos.HIV and Clade C gp140 plus adjuvant or Ad26.Mos4.HIV and Clade C gp140 plus adjuvant
US, RwandaHealthy adults
of both sexes
[152]

ASCENTNCT029356862017Prime: tetravalent Ad26.Mos4.HIV
Boost: tetravalent Ad26.Mos4.HIV and Clade C gp140 plus adjuvant or a combination of Mosaic gp140 and Clade C gp140 plus adjuvant or HIV Bivalent Vaccine
US, Kenya, RwandaHealthy adults
of both sexes
Clinical trial not completed

IMBOKODONCT030606292017Prime: tetravalent Ad26.Mos4.HIV
Boost: Clade C gp140 with aluminum phosphate adjuvant
Malawi, Mozambique, South Africa, Zambia, ZimbabweHealthy, sexually active with male partners, at risk for HIV-1, adult femalesThe vaccine did not prevent HIV infection in high-risk women[146]

IGHID 11810NCT038443862019Pilot study to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of: MVA.tHIVconsv3 and MVA.tHIVconsv4, administered alone or in combination. Expression immunogens derived from conserved yet immunogenic regions of HIV-1USHIV-1 infected adults
of both sexes under ART
Clinical trial completed, but no publications available

MOSAICONCT039644152020Prime: Ad26.Mos4.HIV is a tetravalent vaccine composed of Ad26.Mos1.Gag-Pol, Ad26.Mos2.Gag-Pol, Ad26.Mos1.Env, and Ad26.Mos2S.Env Clade C
Boost: Clade C and Mosaic gp140 HIV bivalent vaccine which contains: Clade C gp140, HIV-1 Env gp140 of Clade C, Mosaic gp140, HIV-1 Env gp140, and aluminum phosphate adjuvant
UgandaHomosexual and bisexual men and trans womenClinical trial stopped. According to the data, those who received the vaccine continued to contract HIV at a rate that was comparable to that of the other group

HIV-CORE 0052NCT045866732021Safety profile evaluation of: ChAdOx1.tHIVconv1, MVA.tHIVconsv3, and MVA.tHIVconsv4UKHealthy adults
of both sexes
Clinical trial completed, but no publications available

HIV-CORE 006NCT045530162021Prime: ChAdOx1.tHIVconv1
Boost: MVA.tHIVconsv3 and MVA.tHIVconsv4
Kenya, Uganda,
Zambia
Healthy adults of both sexesClinical trial completed, but no publications available