Anthropometric and Biochemical Correlations of Insulin Resistance in a Middle-Aged Maltese Caucasian Population
Table 1
Patient characteristics by gender and HOMA-IR ≥ 2.5.
Males (n = 190)
Females (n = 331)
HOMA-IR < 2.5
HOMA-IR ≥ 2.5
Statistical significance
HOMA-IR < 2.5
HOMA-IR ≥ 2.5
Statistical significance
Age (years)1
41.3 ± 4.0
41.7 ± 3.8
40.5 ± 4.0
41.3 ± 3.8
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)2
120 (115–125)
120 (115–130)
120 (115–125)
120 (115–127)
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)2
80 (80–85)
80 (80–90)
80 (75–88)
80 (70–80)
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)2
4.94 (4.38–5.61)
5.09 (4.47–5.98)
4.65 (4.24–5.27)
5.04 (4.41–5.55)
LDL-C (mmol/L)2
3.01 (2.25–3.53)
3.71 (2.54–3.71)
0.67
2.69 (2.15–3.28)
3.07 (2.50–3.48)
HDL-C (mmol/L)2
1.31 (1.13–1.53)
1.03 (096–1.18)
1.59 (1.36–1.85)
1.25 (1.09–1.53)
Triglycerides (mmol/L)
1.15 (0.84–1.57)
1.91 (1.19–2.58)
0.85 (0.65–1.12)
1.42 (0.88–1.91)
FPG (mmol/L)2
5.23 ± 4.90–5.55
5.96 (5.32–7.05)
5.01 (4.76–5.27)
5.40 (4.90–5.98)
BMI (kg/m2)2
27.5 (24.1–36.9)
33.4 (29.4–36.9)
25.6 (23.1–28.7)
34.5 (31.8–39.2)
Waist circumference (cm)2
93.0 (87.0–101.4)
102.5 (94.3–110.0)
81 (71.6–91.5)
94 (88.8–107)
On lipid-lowering medication3
5 (3.4%)
3 (7.0%)
6 (2.1%)
11 (22.0%)
On antihypertensive medication3
7 (4.8%)
7 (16.3%)
5 (1.8%)
13 (26.0%)
1Data are mean ± standard deviation; 2Data are median (interquartile range); 3Data are number (percentage). BMI = body mass index; FPG = fasting plasma glucose; HDL-C = high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HOMA-IR = homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance; LDL-C = low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
