Exploring New Inflammatory Biomarkers and Pathways during LPS-Induced M1 Polarization

Figure 4

M1 polarized N9 microglia show enhanced phagocytic ability and milk fat globule-EGF factor 8 (MFG-E8) upregulated expression. Representative results of one experiment are shown for the phagocytosis of latex beads (a) and results are expressed as the percentage of cells engulfing specific numbers of ingested beads versus total number of cells (b). MFG-E8 expression and release were assessed by Western blot analysis ((c) and (d), resp.). Results are mean ± s.e.m. from five (b) or six (c, d) independent experiments, performed in duplicate. Comparison of more than two groups (b) was done by one-way ANOVA followed by multiple comparisons Bonferroni post hoc correction. Comparisons between lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) treated N9 cells and nontreated cells (control) were made via two-tailed Student’s -test (c, d). and versus nontreated cells (control). Scale bar represents 20 μm.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)