Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Cameroon: Prevalence and Predictors—A Multisetting Community-Based Study

Table 1

Characteristics of the population enrolled in COPD community study, Cameroon, 2014-2018. Categorical data are expressed as counts (%) and continuous data as median (1^st, 3^rd quartiles).

Sections	Variables	Sample size	Values
Sociodemographic data	Age, continuous (years)	5 055	43 (30, 56)
	Age, categorical (years)	5 055
	19–39		2 046 (40.5)
	40-59		1 989 (39.3)
	60-79		921 (18.2)
	80+		99 (2.0)
	Sex	5 055
	Female		2 774 (54.9)
	Male		2 281 (45.1)
	Education	5 051
	University		641 (12.7)
	Secondary		1 226 (24.3)
	Primary		2 185 (43.3)
	None		999 (19.8)
	Residency	5 055
	City		3 569 (70.6)
	Suburban or rural		1 486 (29.4)
	Marital status	5021
	Couple		2 356 (46.8)
	Single		2 675 (53.2)
	Socioeconomic level	5 022
	High		1 011 (20.1)
	Intermediate		2 018 (40.2)
	Low		1 993 (39.7)
	Ethnic group	5 046
	Bantu		1 556 (30.8)
	Semi-Bantu		2 761 (54.7)
	Sudanese, Fulani, or mixed		729 (14.4)
Lifestyle and exposures	Tobacco smoking	5 038	827 (16.4)
	Smoking in pack-years	5 038
	None		4 211 (83.6)
	≤20		670 (13.3)
	21–39		99 (2.0)
	≥40		58 (1.2)
	Alcohol consumption	3 755
	Abstinent		299 (8.0)
	Former		2463 (65.7)
	Occasional		219 (5.8)
	Regular		774 (20.6)
	Biomass fuel exposure	5 055	3 446 (68.2)
Past medical history	History of tuberculosis	5 053	135 (2.7)
	History of asthma	5 050	126 (2.5)
	History of pneumonia	5 050	117 (2.3)
Comorbidities	Heart disease	5 051	44 (0.9)
	Hypertension	5 053	438 (8.7)
	Diabetes mellitus	5 052	132 (2.6)
Clinical presentation	Chronic bronchitis	2 610	99 (3.8)
	Chronic expectoration	1 358	86 (6.3)
	Dyspnea	5 055	485 (9.6)
	Weight category	5 051
	Normal		1 921 (38.0)
	Lean		111 (2.2)
	Overweight		1 635 (32.4)
	Obese		1 384 (27.4)

COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.