The Essential Oils Compounds of Lippia multiflora Moldenke and Cymbopogon schoenanthus (L.) Spreng Repel and Affect the Survival of the Maize Pest Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larvae

Table 4

Average masses of maize leaves treated with essential oils of Lippia multiflora, Cymbopogon schoenanthus, and their combinations consumed by L3 larvae of Spodoptera frugiperda after 12 and 24 hours.

Treatment	Average masses of substrate consumed (g)
	0 to 12 h					12 to 24 h
	L. multiflora	C. schoenanthus	Lm + Cs (3/4 : 1/4)	Lm + Cs (1/4 : 3/4)	Lm + Cs (1 : 1)	L. multiflora	C. schoenanthus	Lm + Cs (3/4 : 1/4)	Lm + Cs (1/4 : 3/4)	Lm + Cs (1 : 1)
Absolute ethanol	0.1182 ± 0.007^a	0.1182 ± 0.007^a	0.1182 ± 0.007^a	0.1182 ± 0.007^a	0.1182 ± 0.007^a	0.0602 ± 0.0040^a	0.0602 ± 0.0040^a	0.0602 ± 0.0040^a	0.0602 ± 0.0040^a	0.0602 ± 0.0040^a
1%	0.0979 ± 0.0048^ab	0.0843 ± 0.0093^b	0.0788 ± 0.0095^b	0.0701 ± 0.0043^b	0.0912 ± 0.0170^b	0.0497 ± 0.0065^ab	0.0428 ± 0.0047^ab	0.0328 ± 0.0064^b	0.0399 ± 0.0044^b	0.0461 ± 0.0116^ab
1.4%	0.0981 ± 0.0102^ab	0.0809 ± 0.0076^b	0.0880 ± 0.0106^b	0.0799 ± 0.0055^b	0.0704 ± 0.0084^b	0.0482 ± 0.0051^ab	0.0459 ± 0.0072^ab	0.0278 ± 0.0067^b	0.0232 ± 0.0028^bc	0.0541 ± 0.0053^ab
1.6%	0.0901 ± 0.0089^ab	0.0780 ± 0.0071^b	0.0592 ± 0.0078^b	0.0692 ± 0.0023^b	0.0707 ± 0.0055^b	0.0462 ± 0.0058^ab	0.0373 ± 0.0047^b	0.0365 ± 0.0074^b	0.0273 ± 0.0059^bc	0.0333 ± 0.0065^b
1.8%	0.0871 ± 0.0060^b	0.0725 ± 0.0087^b	0.0891 ± 0.0013^b	0.0747 ± 0.0054^b	0.0606 ± 0.0080^b	0.0456 ± 0.0046^ab	0.0346 ± 0.0083^b	0.0219 ± 0.0063^b	0.0289 ± 0.0048^bc	0.0420 ± 0.0047^ab
2.2%	0.0608 ± 0.0074^c	0.0734 ± 0.0072^b	0.0671 ± 0.0093^b	±0.08860.0106^b	0.0536 ± 0.0047^b	0.0259 ± 0.0094^b	0.0240 ± 0.0049^b	0.0291 ± 0.0042^b	0.0160 ± 0.0050^c	0.0136 ± 0.0040^c
Probabilities	= 6.11	= 19.164 df = 5	= 27.589 df = 5	= 10.04	= 27.855 df = 5	= 2.46	= 4.35	= 19.164 df = 5	= 11.57	= 19.164 df = 5

LC: lethal concentration, CI: confident interval, Lm: Lippia multiflora;Cs: Cymbopogon schoenanthus; Lm + Cs (1 : 1): combination of Lm and Cs at 1 : 1 ratio; Lm + Cs (1/4 : 3/4): combination of Lm and Cs at the ratio 1/4 : 3/4, respectively; Lm + Cs (3/4 : 1/4): combination of Lm and Cs at the ratio 3/4 : 1/4, respectively. Means ± standard errors having the same superscript lowercase letters in the same column are not significantly different (linear ANOVA and Kruskal–Wallis test, α = 0.05).