A Comprehensive Review of Ethnomedicinal Uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Toxicity of Prunus africana (Hook. F.) Kalkman from Africa

Table 1

Summary of ethnomedicinal uses of P. africana.

Part used	Condition	Preparation method	Administration route	References
Stem bark	Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)	Decoction	Oral	[20]
	Benign prostatic hyperplasia	Decoction/extracts	Oral	[16, 21, 22]
	Chest and intercostal pain, and respiratory conditions	Decoction	Oral	[14, 19, 23, 24]
	Diabetes	Decoction	Oral	[25]
	Erectile dysfunction		Oral	[16]
	Fever	Decoction	Oral	[14, 16, 23, 25]
	Gastrointestinal conditions	Decoction/infusion	Oral	[14, 19, 20, 26, 27]
	Gonorrhea	Decoction	Oral	[14, 21]
	Hypertension	Decoction	Oral	[28–30]
	Kidney diseases	Decoction	Oral	[16, 23]
	Malaria	Decoction	Oral	[19, 20, 23, 24]
	Mental illness	Decoction	Oral	[24]
	Prostate cancer	Decoction	Oral	[19, 20, 31, 32]
	Purgative	Decoction	Oral	[14, 20]
	Skin infections	Powder	Topical	[19]
	Typhoid	Decoction	Oral	[19]
	Ulcers	Decoction	Oral	[19]
	Urinary disorders	Decoction	Oral	[16]
	Wound healing	Powder	Topical	[33]
	Inflammation	Decoction	Oral	[16]
Roots	Chest (intercostal) pain	Decoction	Oral	[19, 34]
	Gastrointestinal conditions	Decoction	Oral	[34]
	Enlarged prostate	Decoction/infusion	Oral	[28]
	Urinary disorders	Decoction	Oral	[20]
Leaves	Gastrointestinal conditions	Decoction	Oral	[14]
	Appetite	Infusion	Oral	[20]
	Fever	Inhalant	Inhaled/oral	[20]
	Insanity	Decoction	Oral	[14]
Fruits	Gastrointestinal conditions	Decoction	Oral	[14, 35]
	Chest and intercostal pain	Decoction	Oral	[14, 35]