Research Article
Inhibitory Effect of Natural Anti-Inflammatory Compounds on Cytokines Released by Chronic Venous Disease Patient-Derived Endothelial Cells
Table 1
Circulating levels of cytokines/chemokines and growth factors in healthy controls and CVD patients.
| | Cytokines/Chemokines | Plasma levels (pg/mL)a | Limit of detection (pg/mL) | | Controls | CVD patients |
| | IL-10 | <OOR | <OOR | | | IL-12 (p40) | <OOR | <OOR | 1.1 | | IL-13 | <OOR | <OOR | 7.4 | | IL-15 | <OOR | <OOR | 1.3 | | IL-17A | <OOR | <OOR | 1.2 | | IL-1 | <OOR | <OOR | 0.7 | | IL-1 | <OOR | <OOR | 9.4 | | IL-2 | <OOR | <OOR | 0.8 | | IL-3 | <OOR | <OOR | 1.0 | | IL-4 | <OOR | <OOR | 0.7 | | IL-5 | <OOR | <OOR | 4.5 | | IL-6 | <OOR | <OOR | 0.5 | | TNF- | <OOR | <OOR | 0.9 | | MIP-1 | 0 () | 13 ()** | 1.5 | | IL-8 | 2.2 () | 14.4 ()* | 2.9 | | IL-7 | 2.7 () | 3.7 () | 0.4 | | IFN- | 3.18 () | 2.5 () | 1.4 | | IL-12 (p70) | 3.2 () | 3.5 () | 0.8 | | TNF- | 3.3 () | 6.9 ()** | 0.6 | | GM-CSF | 4.6 () | 5.9 ()* | 0.7 | | IFN-2 | 9.5 () | 15 ()* | 7.5 | | G-CSF | 16.9 () | 29.2 () | 2.9 | | IL-1RA | 18.3 () | 16.7 () | 1.8 | | MIP-1 | 19.6 () | 50 ()** | 8.3 | | VEGF | 29.2 () | 64.6 ()** | 3.0 | | EGF | 36.6 () | 95.4 ()* | 26.3 | | Eotaxin | 48.6 () | 251 ()** | 2.8 | | MCP-1 | 161 () | 224 ()* | 4.0 | | CXCL10 | 195 () | 244 () | 1.9 | | PDGF | 2,770 () | 9,369 ()* | 8.6 | | RANTES | 10,414 () | 45,399 ()* | 2.2 |
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Values are expressed as median (mean ± SD); <OOR: out (below) of detection range. ; ; .
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