Interference in Macrophage Balance (M1/M2): The Mechanism of Action Responsible for the Anti-Inflammatory Effect of a Fluorophenyl-Substituted Imidazole

Figure 2

Cell viability (cytotoxicity) and NOx (µM) inhibition of fluorophenyl-imidazole on macrophage RAW 264.7. The cytotoxicity assay (a) was performed using the resazurin colorimetric assay, where RAW 264.7 macrophages were treated with 1–1,000 μM of fluorophenyl-imidazole (Flu). After 24 hr, the cell viability (CC₁₀) was determined. For the NOx assay (b), cells were treated with vehicle or pretreated with dexamethasone (Dexa, 7 µM) or flu at the indicated concentrations and then treated with LPS (1 μg/mL), or they were treated with LPS alone (1 μg/mL). The sigmoid curve (c) represents de IC₅₀ of imidazole fluorophenyl and shows the normalized response of the methyl 1-allyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-phenyl-1H-imidazole-4-acetate on NOx metabolite levels in RAW 264.7 macrophages. All the experiments were performed in triplicate. The results were expressed as the mean ± SEM and the IC₅₀ for fluorophenyl-imidazole were calculated by nonlinear regression analysis using the logarithm of concentration vs. normalized response. ns, not significant; .

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