Research Article
The Anion Gap and Mortality in Critically Ill Patients with Hip Fractures
Table 1
Baseline characteristics of the study population.
| | Characteristics | Survival | Mortality | P value |
| | N | 331 | 64 | |
| | Age, years | 69.6 ± 20.0 | 83.8 ± 10.0 | <0.001 |
| | Sex, n (%) | | | 0.008 | | Male | 157 (47.4%) | 42 (65.6%) | | | Female | 174 (52.6%) | 22 (34.4%) | |
| | Ethnicity, n (%) | | | 0.032 | | White | 258 (77.9%) | 59 (92.2%) | | | Black | 16 (4.8%) | 1 (1.6%) | | | Others | 57 (17.2%) | 4 (6.2%) | |
| | Vital signs | | | | | SBP (mmHg) | 118.3 ± 15.6 | 116.2 ± 20.8 | 0.135 | | DBP (mmHg) | 58.1 ± 10.6 | 54.2 ± 12.7 | 0.009 | | MAP (mmHg) | 75.4 ± 10.8 | 73.2 ± 12.8 | 0.115 | | Heart rate (bpm) | 88.7 ± 15.6 | 87.0 ± 18.0 | 0.403 | | Respiratory rate (t/min) | 18.5 ± 3.6 | 20.7 ± 4.4 | 0.403 | | Temperature (°C) | 36.9 ± 0.6 | 36.6 ± 0.9 | 0.027 | | SpO2 (%) | 97.1 ± 3.6 | 96.6 ± 2.7 | 0.053 |
| | Comorbidities | | | | | Heart failure, n (%) | 92 (27.8%) | 38 (59.4%) | <0.001 | | Hypertension, n (%) | 48 (14.5%) | 12 (18.8%) | 0.375 | | Obesity, n (%) | 13 (3.9%) | 5 (7.8%) | 0.169 | | Infection, n (%) | 151 (45.6%) | 36 (56.2%) | 0.109 |
| | Laboratory parameters | | | | | AG | 12.3 ± 3.2 | 13.3 ± 3.5 | <0.001 | | WBC, 109/L | 10.2 ± 6.1 | 11.4 ± 5.8 | 0.079 | | Platelet, 109/L | 185.2 ± 101.4 | 203.1 ± 118.6 | 0.524 | | Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 9.3 ± 1.8 | 9.7 ± 1.8 | 0.094 | | Hematocrit (%) | 27.0 ± 5.4 | 28.8 ± 5.5 | 0.005 | | Creatinine (mg/dl) | 1.2 ± 1.1 | 1.2 ± 0.8 | 0.013 | | BUN (mg/dl) | 23.1 ± 15.6 | 31.0 ± 17.8 | <0.001 | | Lactate (mol/L) | 1.8 ± 1.1 | 2.2 ± 1.6 | 0.524 |
| | Scoring systems | | | | | APSIII score | 45.7 ± 17.9 | 59.5 ± 22.2 | <0.001 | | Length of stay in ICU | 4.0 ± 5.2 | 4.1 ± 4.3 | 0.626 |
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AG, anion gap; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; MAP, mean arterial pressure; ICU, intensive care unit; WBC, white blood cell; BUN, blood urea nitrogen.
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