Research Article
[Retracted] Hydrogen Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) in Differential Diagnosis of Intracranial Tumors: A Systematic Review
Table 1
Features of the included studies.
| Author | Years | Country and territories | Study design | Sample size | Age median (range) years | Field strength | Tumor types (n) | Area | Measurement | NOS |
| Chiang [7] | 2004 | Taiwan | Prospective | 26 | 25–76 | 3.0T | HGG (n = 14) brain metastasis (n = 12) | Tumoral core peritumoral | Cho/Cr, NAA/Cr | 6 |
| Law [8] | 2002 | Australian | NA | 51 | 51.9 (15–80) | 1.5T | HGG (n = 13) brain metastasis (n = 18) | Tumoral core peritumoral | Cho/Cr, Cho/NAA, NAA/Cr | 7 |
| Fan [9] | 2004 | China | NA | 22 | 46.7 (32–62) | 2.0T | HGG (n = 14) brain metastasis (n = 8) | Tumoral core peritumoral | Cho/Cr, Cho/NAA, NAA/Cr | 7 |
| Tsougos [10] | 2012 | Greece | Prospective | 49 | 32–73 | 3.0T | HGG (n = 35) brain metastasis (n = 14) | Tumoral core peritumoral | Cho/Cr, Cho/NAA, NAA/Cr | 7 |
| Server [11] | 2011 | Norway | NA | 74 | NA | 1.5T | LGG (n = 15) HGG (n = 59) | Tumoral core peritumoral | Cho/Cr, Cho/NAA | 6 |
| Caivano [12] | 2013 | Italy | Prospective | 60 | 67 (33–86) 56 (30–81) | 3.0T | LGG (n = 14) HGG (n = 32) brain metastasis (n = 14) | Tumoral core peritumoral | Cho/Cr, Cho/NAA, NAA/Cr | 7 |
| Yao [13] | 2021 | China | Retrospective | 209 | 0–14 | 1.5/3.0T | LGG (n = 143) HGG (n = 66) | Tumoral core | Cho/Cr, Cho/NAA, NAA/Cr | 7 |
| Sahin [14] | 2013 | Turkey | NA | 20 | 46.86 (29–64) 38.17 (28–57) | 3.0T | LGG (n = 14) HGG (n = 6) | Tumoral core | Cho/Cr | 6 |
| Metwally [15] | 2014 | Egypt | NA | 22 | 34.4 (15–63) | 1.5T | LGG (n = 14) HGG (n = 8) | Tumoral core | Cho/NAA | 6 |
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HGG means high-grade glioma and LGG means low-grade glioma.
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