Research Article

[Retracted] Hydrogen Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) in Differential Diagnosis of Intracranial Tumors: A Systematic Review

Table 1

Features of the included studies.

AuthorYearsCountry and territoriesStudy designSample sizeAge median (range) yearsField strengthTumor types (n)AreaMeasurementNOS

Chiang [7]2004TaiwanProspective2625–763.0THGG (n = 14) brain metastasis (n = 12)Tumoral core peritumoralCho/Cr, NAA/Cr6

Law [8]2002AustralianNA5151.9 (15–80)1.5THGG (n = 13) brain metastasis (n = 18)Tumoral core peritumoralCho/Cr, Cho/NAA, NAA/Cr7

Fan [9]2004ChinaNA2246.7 (32–62)2.0THGG (n = 14) brain metastasis (n = 8)Tumoral core peritumoralCho/Cr, Cho/NAA, NAA/Cr7

Tsougos [10]2012GreeceProspective4932–733.0THGG (n = 35) brain metastasis (n = 14)Tumoral core peritumoralCho/Cr, Cho/NAA, NAA/Cr7

Server [11]2011NorwayNA74NA1.5TLGG (n = 15) HGG (n = 59)Tumoral core peritumoralCho/Cr, Cho/NAA6

Caivano [12]2013ItalyProspective6067 (33–86) 56 (30–81)3.0TLGG (n = 14) HGG (n = 32) brain metastasis (n = 14)Tumoral core peritumoralCho/Cr, Cho/NAA, NAA/Cr7

Yao [13]2021ChinaRetrospective2090–141.5/3.0TLGG (n = 143) HGG (n = 66)Tumoral coreCho/Cr, Cho/NAA, NAA/Cr7

Sahin [14]2013TurkeyNA2046.86 (29–64) 38.17 (28–57)3.0TLGG (n = 14) HGG (n = 6)Tumoral coreCho/Cr6

Metwally [15]2014EgyptNA2234.4 (15–63)1.5TLGG (n = 14) HGG (n = 8)Tumoral coreCho/NAA6

HGG means high-grade glioma and LGG means low-grade glioma.