The 22-Item Benefit Finding Scale: Validation and Application among Patients with Cervical Cancer in Ethnic Minority Areas of Southwestern China

Table 1

Demographic characteristics of the study sample (N = 247).

Categorical variables	n	%	t/F	p
Age			0.937	0.334
18–39	65	26.3
40–59	113	45.7
60 and above	69	27.9
Ethnicity			0.004	0.952
Han	59	23.9
Others	188	76.1
Occupation			0.001	0.971
Worker	48	19.4
Military or civil servant	27	10.9
Professional technician	76	30.8
Business or service industry	78	31.6
Unemployed	43	17.4
Farmer	84	34.0
Others	59	23.9
Level of education			0.512	0.045
Primary school	35	14.2
Junior high school	74	30.0
High school	92	37.2
College degree or above	46	18.6
Marital status			1.053	0.037
Married	211	85.4
Single (unmarried, divorced, and widowed)	36	14.6
Family per capita monthly income			0.389	0.533
5,000 yuan and below	106	42.9
5,000–9,999 yuan	77	31.2
10,000–14,999 yuan	30	12.1
15,000–19,999 yuan	19	7.7
20,000 yuan and above	15	6.1
Form of medical security			2.497	0.115
Self-financed	43	17.4
Provincial or municipal medical insurance	185	74.9
Other insurance	19	7.7
Are there any cancer patients in the family?			0.021	0.885
Yes	69	27.9
No	178	72.1
Self-assessment of current disease severity			4.076	0.018
0–3	61	24.7
4–7	107	43.3
8–10	79	32.0
Exercise time per day			6.904	0.009
None	39	15.8
Less than 30 minutes	63	25.5
30 minutes to 1 hour	98	39.7
More than 1 hour	47	19.0
Therapeutic schedule			3.199	0.175
Operation	106	42.9
Chemotherapy	97	39.3
Radiotherapy	21	8.5
Two or more	23	9.3