The Influence of ACE Insertion/Deletion Gene Polymorphism on the Risk of IgA Nephropathy: A Debatable Topic

Table 2

Meta-analysis of the link between ACE gene locus I/D polymorphisms and the susceptibility and progression of IgAN.

Genetic contrasts	Group and subgroups	Study number	Q test p value	Model selected	OR (95% CI)	value	Begg’s test
D versus I	Overall	21	0.042	Fixed	1.21 (1.10–1.32)	<0.001	0.729
	Asian	13	0.056	Fixed	1.38 (1.22–1.55)	<0.001	—
	Caucasian	8	0.938	Fixed	1.06 (0.94–1.19)	0.369	—
	Chinese	8	0.035	Fixed	1.41 (1.21–1.64)	<0.001	—
	Non-Chinese	13	0.529	Fixed	1.12 (1.01–1.24)	0.031	—
	IgAN progression	6	0.128	Fixed	1.37 (1.09–1.73)	0.008	—
DD versus ID + II	Overall	21	0.055	Fixed	1.38 (1.20–1.60)	<0.001	0.044
	Asian	13	0.067	Fixed	1.91 (1.50–2.44)	<0.001	—
	Caucasian	8	0.972	Fixed	1.15 (0.96–1.37)	0.137	—
	Chinese	8	0.089	Fixed	1.89 (1.41–2.55)	<0.001	—
	Non-Chinese	13	0.373	Fixed	1.25 (1.06–1.47)	0.009	—
	IgAN progression	6	0.340	Fixed	1.57 (1.06–2.31)	0.024	—
II versus DD + ID	Overall	21	0.264	Fixed	0.83 (0.73–0.95)	0.007	0.294
	Asian	13	0.297	Fixed	0.74 (0.63–0.88)	<0.001	—
	Caucasian	8	0.760	Fixed	1.02 (0.82–1.26)	0.865	—
	Chinese	8	0.193	Fixed	0.71 (0.58–0.88)	0.001	—
	Non-Chinese	13	0.640	Fixed	0.93 (0.78–1.09)	0.386	—
	IgAN progression	6	0.117	Fixed	0.69 (0.49–0.99)	0.045	—
ID versus DD + II	Overall	21	0.615	Fixed	0.93 (0.83–1.05)	0.235	0.389
	Asian	13	0.386	Fixed	0.98 (0.84–1.16)	0.858	—
	Caucasian	8	0.796	Fixed	0.88 (0.74–1.04)	0.125	—
	Chinese	8	0.568	Fixed	1.01 (0.82–1.24)	0.936	—
	Non-Chinese	13	0.533	Fixed	0.89 (0.78–1.03)	0.131	—
	IgAN progression	6	0.600	Fixed	1.00 (0.72–1.39)	0.997	—