Influence of Vertical Facial Growth Pattern on Herbst Appliance Effects in Prepubertal Patients: A Retrospective Controlled Study
Table 1
Baseline characteristics in whole population ().
Outcome variables
Total mean (SD)
Group
value
Pairwise comparisons
Hypodivergent mean (SD)
Normodivergent mean (SD)
Hyperdivergent mean (SD)
A/Olp
69.91 (4.47)
69.68 (5.25)
70.38 (4.46)
69.67 (3.71)
0.817
Pg/Olp
69.97 (5.87)
70.89 (6.38)
70.13 (6.19)
68.88 (5.02)
0.481
Is/Olp
77.60 (4.86)
76.94 (6.06)
77.79 (4.43)
78.08 (3.95)
0.693
Ii/Olp
70.29 (5.42)
70.32 (6.23)
70.19 (5.27)
70.36 (4.90)
0.993
Ms/Olp
36.53 (4.54)
36.78 (5.14)
36.68 (4.79)
36.13 (3.74)
0.864
Mi/Olp
34.84 (5.39)
34.84 (6.35)
34.78 (5.12)
34.92 (4.80)
0.996
SN^GoMe
32.67 (5.97)
25.68 (2.31)
33.09 (2.02)
39.24 (2.15)
<0.001
Hypo vs. hyper: <0.001
Hypo vs. normo: <0.001
Hyper vs. normo: <0.001
Lower incisor axis inclination
100.26 (6.57)
104.62 (6.56)
99.54 (4.46)
96.62 (6.00)
<0.001
Hypo vs. hyper: <0.001
Hypo vs. normo: <0.001
Hyper vs. normo: 0.2315
AN^NPg
4.78 (2.30)
3.35 (2.01)
5.40 (1.93)
5.59 (2.32)
<0.001
Hypo vs. hyper: <0.001
Hypo vs. normo: <0.001
Hyper vs. normo: 1.00
Skeletal discrepancy
−0.07 (2.68)
−1.24 (2.67)
0.24 (2.78)
0.79 (2.21)
0.019
Hypo vs. hyper: 0.02
Hypo vs. normo: 0.13
Hyper vs. normo: 1.00
Overjet
7.32 (2.47)
6.70 (2.51)
7.55 (2.64)
7.72 (2.23)
0.298
Molar relation
1.69 (1.92)
1.96 (2.14)
1.90 (1.65)
1.21 (1.93)
0.312
Results are expressed as mean (standard deviation); value = one-way ANOVA; value, pairwise comparisons: values adjusted by using the Bonferroni method.
