Antibiotic Mixtures in Noninstrumental Endodontic Treatment of Primary Teeth with Necrotic Pulps: A Systematic Review

Table 2

Characteristics of the included studies.

Study	Study design	Subjects (no. of children/age in years/no. of teeth)	Primary teeth selected	Results				Conclusions
				Antibiotics mixture	Follow-up (months)	Clinical success; N (%)	Radiograph success; N (%)
Pinky et al. [13]; India/2011	RCT	28 children/4–10 years/40 primary teeth	Primary molars	Ciprofloxacin-minocycline-metronidazole	3; 6; 12	20/20 (100); 20/20 (100); 18/20 (90)	20/20 (100); 20/20 (100); 18/20 (90)	Good clinical and radiographic success in both groups.; No statistically significant difference between the two groups ().
				Ciprofloxacin-minocycline-ornidazole		20/20 (100); 20/20 (100); 20/20 (100)	20/20 (100); 20/20 (100); 20/20 (100)
Nanda et al. [14]; India/2014	RCT	38 children/4–10 years/40 primary teeth	Primary molars	Ciprofloxacin-minocycline-metronidazole	3; 6; 12	20/20 (100); 20/20 (100); 20/20 (100)	20/20 (100); 20/20 (100); 17/20 (85)	100% clinical success in both groups.; Radiological changes of two groups. Statistically similar observations in both groups (X^2 = 1.35, ).; Radiological success rate was statistically similar in both groups ().
				Ciprofloxacin-minocycline-ornidazole		20/20 (100); 20/20 (100); 20/20 (100)	20/20 (100); 20/20 (100); 19/20 (95)
Singh et al. [16]; India/2017	RCT	38 children/5–10 years/80 primary teeth	Primary teeth	Ciprofloxacin-metronidazole-minocycline	3; 6; 12	40/40 (100); 40/40 (100); 36/40 (90)	Nm Nm; 40/40 (100); 36/40 (90)	No statistically significant difference between both groups.; The ciprofloxacin-minocycline-ornidazole group showed better results clinically and radiographically compared with the 3 Mix group.
				Ciprofloxacin-minocycline-ornidazole		40/40 (100); 40/40 (100); 40/40 (100)	Nm Nm; 40/40 (100); 40/40 (100)
Jaya et al. [15]; India/2012	RCT	25 children/6–9 years/30 primary teeth	Primary molars	Ciprofloxacin-metronidazole-minocycline	6; 12; 24	15/15 (100); 15/15 (100); 15/15 (100)	9/15 (60); 9/15 (60); 9/15 (60)	Good clinical and radiographic success in both groups.; No statistically significant difference between the two groups ().
				Ciprofloxacin-tinidazole-minocycline		15/15 (100); 15/15 (100); 15/15 (100)	8/15 (53.3); 8/15 (53.3); 8/15 (53.3)
Raslan et al. [17]; Syria/2017	RCT	22 children/Nm/42 primary teeth	Mandibular primary molars	Ciprofloxacin-metronidazole-minocycline	1; 3; 6; 12	21/21 (100); 19/21 (90.4); 19/19 (100); 19/19 (100)	21/21 (100); 19/21 (90.4); 17/19 (89.4); 11/19 (89.4)	No statistically significant differences; Between the two groups regarding the appearance of radiolucency and the radiographic success rates after 6 and 12 months of treatment ().; Regarding the association between root resorption degree and the clinical and radiographic success of the treatment within each group individually during all the follow-up periods ().
				Ciprofloxacin-metronidazole-clindamycin		21/21 (100); 20/21 (95.2); 20/20 (100); 20/20 (100)	21/21 (100); 20/21 (95.2); 16/20 (80); 11/20 (55)

RCT: randomized controlled study; Nm: not mentioned.