Research Article

Antibiotics in the Treatment of Periodontitis: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Table 1

Characteristics of the included RCTs.

Author and yearDiagnosisPopulationMean ageSR = F/MPD/CALATB, dose, durationDescription of the interventionOutcome (comparing the test group with the control group)Follow- up

Hans [10] 2015Moderate-to-severe periodontitis180[35, 75]-≥5 mmMTZ (400 mg/thrice a day) for 10 dSRP + placeboFDIS + placeboSRP + METFDIS + METMP: significant reduction of PG and TF just in the FDIS + MET group after 3 and 12 months12 months
Martande et al. [11] 2016Moderate-to-severe periodontitis70[25, 45]>6 mmAz (500 mg/once a day) for 3 dSRPSRP + AZCP: significant reduction of CAL and PD in the AZ group ( < 0.001)
MP: significant reduction of subject positive to AA in the AZ group (p < 0.0001)
12 months
Borges et al. [12] 2017Severe ChP110≤30 years62/47≥4 mmAMX (500 mg/thrice a day)+ MTZ (250 mg/thrice a day) 7 or 14 dAMX (500 mg/thrice a day)+ MTZ (400 mg/thrice a day) 7 or 14 dSRP + placeboSRP + AMX + 250 mg of MTZ for 7 dSRP + AMX + 250 mg of MTZ for 14 dSRP + AMX + 400 mg of MTZ for 7 dSRP + AMX + 400 mg of MTZ for14 dCP: significant reduction of CP in groups AMX + MET for 14 days compared to those for 7 days12 months
Bechara Andere et al. [13] 2017GAgP4032.238/2≥6 sites, PD ≥ 5 mm and ≥2 sites, PD ≥ 7 mmCLM (500 mg twice daily) for 3 dFMUD + placeboFMUD + CLMCP: significant reduction in PD in sites with PD ≥ 7 mm after 6 months
MP: significant reduction of PG and AA after 6 months
6 months
Ramiro et al. [14] 2018GChP59≤30 years36/23≥5 mmMTZ (400 mg/thrice a day) for 14 dAMX (500 mg/thrice a day)+ MTZ (400 mg/thrice a day) for 14 dSRPSRP + METSRP + AMX + METMP: significant reduction of sites colonized by archaea with lower level in pockets with PD < 6 mm6 months
Suryaprasanna et al. [15] 2018ChP30[30,50]≥5 mmCLM (500 mg thrice daily) for 7 dSRPSRP + CLMCP and BP: reduction of GI, CAL, and CRP but not in a significant way
MP: significant reduction of AA and PG after 3 months but not 6 months
6 months
Ardila et al. [16] 2020GAgP36≤30 years23/13≥5 mmMOX (400 mg/once a day) for 7 dAMX (500 mg/thrice a day)+ MTZ (500 mg/thrice a day) for 7 dSRPSRP + MOXSRP + AMX + METCP: significant reduction of PD and CAL for PD ≥ 6 mm at 6 months
MP: AA reduction significantly at 6 months
6 months
524

CAL = clinical attachment level, PD = probing depth, GI = gingival index, CRP= C-reactive protein, CLM= clarithromycin, FMUD = full-mouth ultrasonic debridement, AMX = amoxicillin, MTZ = metronidazole, MOX = moxifloxacin, SRP = scaling and root planing, FDIS = full-mouth disinfection, PG= Porphyromonas gingivalis, TF = Tannerella forsythia, and AA = Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans.