A Retrospective Analysis of Biological Complications of Dental Implants

Table 4

Characteristics of implants diagnosed with peri-implantitis (n = 301).

Implant-, site-, and surgical-related outcomes	N (%) diagnosed peri-implantitis	Relative risk (95% CI)	value
Implant system
Ankylos	6 (3.6)	NA	0.794
Xive	6 (4.8)
Friadent	0 (0.0)
Implant shape		1.39 (0.46, 4.20)	0.767
Cylindrical	6 (4.8)
Tapered	6 (3.5)
Implant height (mm)		1.62 (0.54, 4.91)	0.546
<11	6 (3.2)
≥11	6 (5.3)
Implant diameter (mm)		0.41 (0.11, 1.49)	0.237
<4.5	9 (5.5)
≥4.5	3 (2.2)
Implant location		NA	0.070
Anterior maxilla	1 (3.1)
Posterior maxilla	3 (2.8)
Anterior mandible	0 (0.0)
Posterior mandible	8 (5.3)
Implant placement protocol
Type I	0 (0.0)	NA	0.906
Type II	0 (0.0)
Type III	1 (4.3)
Type IV	11 (4.4)
Bone augmentation procedure at the time of implant placement		1.27 (0.29, 5.65)	0.75
Yes	2 (3.3)
No	10 (4.2)
Operator		2.43 (0.79, 7.48)	0.131
Periodontist	5 (2.6)
Oral and maxillofacial surgeon	7 (6.4)
Prosthesis-related outcomes	N (%) diagnosed peri-implant mucositis	Relative risk (95% CI)	value
Type of prosthesis		0.79 (0.22, 2.85)	1.000
Single implant crown	9 (3.8)
Multiple-unit implant-supported prosthesis	3 (4.8)
Superstructure retention		1.15 (0.37, 3.53)	1.000
Screw-retained	5 (4.5)
Cement-retained	7 (3.9)
Number of functional years prior to diagnosis		2.39 (0.74, 7.78)	0.150
<5 years	8 (5.8)
≥5 years	4 (2.4)
Prosthetic complications		1.08 (0.15, 8.08)	1.000
Screw loosening
Yes	1 (3.7)
No	11 (4.0)
Prosthetic complications		1.79 (0.22, 14.82)	1.000
Crown chipping
Yes	1 (6.7)
No	11 (3.8)
Prosthetic complications		1.08 (0.23, 5.12)	1.000
Crown debonding
Yes	2 (4.3)
No	10 (3.9)

CI: confidence interval. Exact chi-square test.