Effect of Caffeine Injection on Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Rats: An Experimental Study on Rats
Table 1
Mean and standard deviations of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) in millimeters in the five experimental groups.
Groups
Distance of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) at the beginning of the study (mm)
Distance of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) at the end of 21 days (mm)
Differences between the beginning of the study and the end of the study (mm)
Mean
SD
Mean
SD
Mean
Negative control
0.20
0.02
0.22
0.02
0.02a
Positive control
0.20
0.02
0.45
0.03
0.19b
Caffeine 25 mg/kg
0.21
0.01
0.50
0.03
0.19b
Caffeine 50 mg/kg
0.22
0.02
0.62
0.03
0.2c
Caffeine 75 mg/kg
0.21
0.02
0.67
0.03
0.2c
†Welch’s one-way ANOVA test followed by Tukey’s test was used. Means with the same superscript letters are not significantly different ( > 0.05). SD: standard deviation.
