Push-Out Bond Strength of Calcium Silicate-Based Cements in the Presence or Absence of a Smear Layer

Table 3

Percentage of mode of failure for the three materials tested from the root dentin surface with (+) and without (−) a smear layer.

Materials	Root dentine surface	Mode of failure
		Cohesive (%)	Mixed (%)	Adhesive (%)
Biodentine	+ Smear layer	23.3	76.7	0
	− Smear layer	30	70	0
MTA	+ Smear layer	77	23	0
	− Smear layer	36.4	63.6	0
TotalFill FS	+ Smear layer	33.3	66.7	0
	− Smear layer	40	60	0