Relationship of Vitamin D Deficiency with Cervical Vertebral Maturation and Dental Age in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study

Figure 1

Bacceti’s method of determining cervical vertebral maturation stages for estimation of skeletal age. CVM 1: the inferior border of C2–C4 does not have any concavities. The body of C3 and C4 is trapezoidal (the superior border of cervical vertebrae has a slope from the posterior towards the anterior). Maximum mandibular growth occurs around two years after this stage. CVM 2: concavity exists in the inferior border of C2. The body of C3 and C4 is still trapezoidal. Maximum mandibular growth occurs approximately one year after this stage. CVM 3: concavity exists in the inferior border of C2 and C3. The body of C3 and C4 may be trapezoidal or horizontally rectangular. Maximum mandibular growth occurs in less than one year after this stage. CVM 4: concavity exists in the inferior border of C2, C3, and C4. The body of C3 and C4 is horizontally rectangular. Maximum mandibular growth has occurred one to two years prior to this stage. CVM 5: concavity still exists in the inferior border of C2, C3, and C4. The body of at least one of the C3 and C4 is square-shaped. If not, it is horizontally rectangular. Maximum mandibular growth has ended at least one year prior to this stage. CVM 6: concavity still exists in the inferior border of C2, C3, and C4. The body of at least one of the C3 and C4 is vertically rectangular. If not, it is square-shaped. Maximum mandibular growth has ended at least two years prior to this stage.

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