Anti-RANKL Inhibits Thymic Function and Causes DRONJ in Mice

Figure 1

Development of a mouse model of DRONJ-like lesions. (a) The schematic timeline protocol for a mouse model of DRONJ-like lesions. (b) The upper left panels show the representative gross appearance of gingival mucosa at the extraction site of IgG. The upper middle panel shows μCT scans of the extraction site. White arrows indicate extraction sockets of the root with new bone formation. The upper right panel shows a 3D image of the extraction site. Blue arrows indicate extraction sites filled with new bone formation. The lower left panel shows H&E staining of a low magnification image at the extraction site. A black dotted line surrounds the outline of the extraction socket of the root. Bar is 500 μm. The lower right panel shows H&E staining of a high magnification image of the blue box in the lower left panel. Bar is 100 μm. (c) The upper left panels show the representative gross appearance of gingival mucosa at the extraction site of anti-RANKL/Mel. The blue dotted line indicates the open socket of the extraction site. The upper middle panel shows μCT scans of the extraction site. White arrows indicate extraction sockets of the root without new bone formation. The upper right panel shows a 3D image of the extraction site. Blue arrows indicate extraction sockets of the root without new bone formation. The lower left panel shows H&E staining of a low magnification image at the extraction site. A red asterisk indicates an open socket with an area of exposed bone and no mucosal coverage at the extraction site. A black dotted line indicates the outline of the extraction socket of the root. Bar is 500 μm. The lower right panel shows H&E staining of a high magnification image of the blue box in the lower left panel. A yellow dotted line indicates a necrotic bone area with an empty lacuna. Bar is 100 μm. (d) Necrotic bone areas in IgG vs. anti-RANKL/Mel. E: number of empty lacunae in IgG vs. anti-RANKL/Mel. Graphs show mean ± SEM. .

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