Prevalence of Maxillary and Mandibular Frenal Attachment and Its Association with Age, Gender, and Oral Hygiene Status in Nepalese Population Seeking Dental Treatment

Table 6

Prevalence of frenal attachment in various studies which are inconsistent with the present study.

S. no.	Various studies evaluating the prevalence of frenal attachment in maxilla (Placek Mirko’s classification)	Population in which study was conducted	Prevalence (%)
			Mucosal	Gingival	Papillary	Papillary penetrating
1.	Dahal et al. [18]	Nepalese	59.30	32.90	6.40	1.40
2.	Chaulagain et al. [6]	Nepalese	100.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
3.	Pandiyan and Hedge [19]	Malasian	76.00	12.00	7.50	4.50
4.	Rajani et al. [20]	Indian	42.00	34.00	20.00	4.00
5.	Jindal et al. [21]	Indian	66.00	28.40	2.40	3.20
6.	Alwan [22]	Iraqi	37.31	36.32	14.53	2.81
7.	Kotian and Jeevanandan [23]	Indian	67.00	24.50	7.50	1.00
8.	Patel et al. [24]	Indian	56.90	23.70	11.90	7.50
9.	Joshi et al. [25]	Nepalese	60.00	29.70	6.20	4.10
10.	Bowsiya and Arjunkumar [26]	Indian	90.40	8.40	1.20	0.00
11.	Varghese et al. [27]	Indian	42.20	33.33	21.11	3.33
12.	Nandita et al. [28]	Indian	70.00	30.00	0.00	0.00
13.	Rajkarnikar et al. [29]	Nepalese	70.50	28.40	0.80	0.30
14.	Jonathan et al. [30]	Indian	47.50	38.10	0.00	14.20
15.	Sekar et al. [31]	Indian	63.30	26.80	7.20	2.60