Students’ Perspective on Undergraduate Research Experiences in Indonesian Dental Schools

Table 4

Correlation of negative preference toward undergraduate research with researchers profile.

Variables	UG research experience during my academic study was not satisfactory		UG research is not important for academic dental education		UG research preferably not included as compulsory course in dental curriculum
	Mean (SD)	p	Mean (SD)	p	Mean (SD)	p
University
a. Public	1.88 (0.67)	0.313	1.81 (0.74)	0.881	1.89 (0.75)	0.305
b. Private	2.00 (0.70)		1.81 (0.72)		1.97 (0.77)
Graduation year
a. 2019–2020 (before the COVID-19 pandemic)	1.92 (0.75)	0.972	1.84 (0.84)	0.944	1.92 (0.79)	0.943
b. 2021–2020 (during the COVID-19 pandemic)	1.91 (0.65)		1.80 (0.70)		1.91 (0.74)
Duration of UG research
a. Less than 3 months	1.87 (0.71)	0.148	1.75 (0.77)	0.870	1.81 (1.79)
b. 3–6 months	1.85 (0.75)		1.73 (0.77)		1.79 (0.73)
c. More than 6 months	1.91 (0.68)		1.88 (0.71)		2.02 (0.75)
There is adequate time to complete the course
a. Not adequate	2.19 (0.51)		2.09 (0.70)		2.23 (0.70)
b. Adequate	1.89 (0.67)		1.78 (0.73)		1.89 (0.75)
c. More than adequate	1.75 (0.85)		1.75 (0.72)		1.91 (0.75)
Presentation in scientific conferences
International	1.80 (0.44)	0.226	1.60 (0.54)	0.866	1.80 (0.44)	0.561
National	1.00 (0)		1 (0)		1 (0)
Local	1.71 (0.75)		2.28 (1.38)		2.00 (1.15)
No	1.93 (0.68)		1.80 (0.71)		1.92 (0.74)
Participation in scientific competition
International	1.75 (0.46)	0.146	1.62 (0.51)	0.273	1.62 (0.74)	0.305
National	1.57 (0.78)		1.57 (0.78)		1.85 (0.89)
Local	0.00 (0.00)		0.00 (0.00)		0.00 (0.00)
No	1.93 (0.68)		1.82 (0.71)		1.93 (0.75)
Publication of UG research
International	1.66 (0.50)	0.109	1.77 (0.66)	0.757	1.77 (0.97)	0.101
National	2 (0.75)		1.77 (0.75)		1.95 (0.78)
Manuscript	1.78 (0.64)		1.88 (0.86)		1.71 (0.80)
Repository	1.91 (0.69)		1.77 (0.70)		1.98 (0.73)
No	2.08 (0.66)		1.88 (0.72)		1.91 (0.75)

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