Review Article

Diabetic Retinopathy Is a Predictor of Progression of Diabetic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 2

Demographic and clinical characteristics of participants.

First authorGender
male (%)
Age, mean (yrs)Duration of diabetes, median (years)BMI, mean (kg/m2)History of smoking (%)Hypertension (%)History of CVD (%)HbA1C, median (%)Baseline mean eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2)24 h Proteinuria/UPCR, median(g/g)UACR, median(mg/g)

Yamanouchi [32]7859142461NA247.339NA1400
Hsing [33]52.963.28 ± 12.75NA25.5NA44.1216.37.9NANANA
Zhao [34]75511025.1948.579.1NA7.758.023.6NA
Mottl [35]61.26110.7532.4NANA368.389.3NA19.6
Zhang [36]68.852.66.225.345.984.6NA7.3665.94.55NA
Hung [37]62.364.2>8 years25.513.867.127.47.633.70.92NA
Alwakeel [38]47.266.915.428.6NA84.4NANA50.35NANA
Hong [39]48.863.48.931.759.96538.8NA85.9NA5.8
Lin [40]56.365.76NA25.9626.791.3NA7.5746.7NANA
Park [41]47.257.99.624.8NA48.5NA8.176.75NA24.2