Rheological and Sensorial Characteristics of the Reformed Ras Cheese Made Using Cheese Trims and Different Starches

Table 2

Ls means values for starch level (SL), starch source (SS), starch form (SF), SL × SS, SL × SF, and SS × SF on the physicochemical properties of the reformed Ras cheese.

Source of variation	Dry matter (%)	Protein (%)	Fat (%)	Ash (%)	Lactose (%)	Titratable acidity (%)	pH	aw
Starch level (SL)
0% (control)	57.83^a	21.43^a	24.56^a	4.455^c	0.423^a	0.67^a	5.56^c	0.878^a
2.5%	51.76^c	17.72^b	21.04^b	5.176^a	0.335^b	0.39^b	5.68^b	0.551^c
5%	52.44^b	16.80^c	19.98^c	4.927^b	0.319^c	0.23^c	5.83^a	0.858^b
value	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001
Starch source (SS)
Corn starch	54.02^b	18.72^a	21.83^b	4.885^a	0.360^a	0.44^b	5.71^a	0.73^c
Potato starch	53.96^c	18.63^b	21.78^c	4.839^b	0.358^b	0.46^a	5.67^b	0.76^b
Rice starch	54.05^a	18.60^c	21.96^a	4.834^c	0.359^a	0.39^c	5.70^a	0.79^a
value	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	0.0097	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001
Starch form (SF)
Native starch	54.00^a	18.57^b	21.74^b	4.842^b	0.357^b	5.69^a	0.44^a	0.73^b
Pregelatinized starch	54.01^a	18.73^a	21.98^a	4.863^a	0.361^a	5.69^a	0.42^b	0.79^a
value	0.1112	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	0.0041	0.8394	<0.0001
SL × SS
2.5% × corn starch	51.73	17.92	21.43	5.225	0.338	5.68	0.46	0.83
2.5% × potato starch	51.70	17.40	20.68	5.137	0.333	5.65	0.20	0.81
2.5% × rice starch	51.84	17.83	21.03	5.165	0.335	5.73	0.44	0.87
5% × corn starch	52.49	16.81	19.51	4.974	0.320	5.88	0.26	0.85
5% × potato starch	52.36	17.06	20.11	4.925	0.318	5.80	0.27	0.92
5% × rice starch	52.48	16.55	20.31	4.881	0.320	5.82	0.24	0.90
value	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	0.0479	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001
SL × SF
2.5% × native starch	51.76	17.47	20.56	5.158	0.332	5.68	0.43	0.83
2.5% × pregelatinized starch	51.76	17.96	21.53	5.193	0.339	5.69	0.35	0.92
5% × native starch	52.43	16.81	20.11	4.913	0.317	5.84	0.22	0.81
5% × pregelatinized starch	52.46	16.80	19.85	4.940	0.321	5.82	0.25	0.90
value	0.0832	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	0.0320	<0.0001
SS × SF
Corn starch × native	54.01	18.71	21.69	4.892	0.360	5.71	0.45	0.70
Corn starch × pregelatinized	54.02	18.73	21.97	4.878	0.361	5.70	0.43	0.76
Potato starch × native	53.96	18.49	21.77	4.825	0.356	5.66	0.43	0.73
Potato starch × pregelatinized	53.96	18.77	21.80	4.852	0.360	5.67	0.48	0.79
Rice starch × native	54.04	18.51	21.76	4.809	0.357	5.70	0.43	0.76
Rice starch × pregelatinized	54.06	18.69	22.17	4.858	0.362	5.70	0.35	0.82
value	0.2872	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	0.0080	<0.0001	0.5864	0.7488

Values with different letters (a-c) within the same column are significantly different at .