Exploring Natural Alternatives to Nitrites in Pork Meat Patty: A Study on the Effects of Gromwell Root Extract and Lettuce Powder as Substitutes

Figure 3

TMC and VBN for patties with gromwell root extract and lettuce powder. There is a significant difference between patties with different additives that have different letters (A–C), based on their deviations (). Control, no addition; positive control, addition of ; T1, 0.3% gromwell root extract; T2, 0.1% lettuce powder; T3, .