Regulatory Effect of Cinnamaldehyde on Monocyte/Macrophage-Mediated Inflammatory Responses

Figure 4

Effect of CA on the upstream signaling pathway for transcriptional activation of NF-$\kappa$B. (a) TLR-4-expressing HEK293 cells co-transfected with the plasmid construct, NF-κB-Luc (1 $\kappa$g/ml), and β-gal (as a transfection control) were treated with CA in the presence or absence of LPS (1 $\mu$g/ml) for 18 h, and luciferase activity was determined by luminometry. Data represents mean ± SEM of three independent observations performed in triplicate. (b) RAW264.7 cells ($5\times {10}^6$ cells/ml) pretreated with CA for 1 h were stimulated with LPS (1 $\kappa$g/ml) for indicated times. After immunoblotting, the levels of phosphorylated forms of p85, PDK1, Akt, and $\text{I}\kappa \text{B}\alpha$ were identified by corresponding antibodies. The data presented here is from one experiment, representative of three done in total. ${}_{}{}^{**}P<.01$ represents significant difference compared to LPS alone.

(a)

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