Mechanisms of Inflammation in Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy: From Bench to Bedside
Table 2
Outcomes of randomized, controlled, clinical trials in humans with and without proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR).
Agent(s)
Dose and target
Patients
Treatment groups
Outcomes
Ref.
5-FU and LMWH
200 μg/mL 5-FU and 5 IU/mL LMWH, 5-FU inhibits DNA synthesis and fibroblast proliferation; LMWH binds fibronectin, bFGF, PDGF, and other growth factors
174 patients at High risk for PVR
Intravitreal inf.: placebo versus 5-FU and LMWH
Placebo: 23/87 (26.4%) postoperative PVR, 22/87 (25.3%) reoperation with 16/22 (72.7%) due to PVR 5-FU and LMWH: 11/87 (12.6%, *) postoperative PVR, 17/87 (19.5%) reoperation with 9/17 (52.9%) due to PVR No difference in visual acuity outcomes, nor complication rates
7.5 μg/mL, inhibits cell proliferation and migration
286 patients with advanced preoperative PVR after RRD
Surgery only versus surgery with intravitreal inf. of daunorubicin
Surgery only: 73/135 (54.1%) RRA with no reoperation at 6 months Surgery and daunorubicin: 89/142 (62.7%) RRA with no reoperation a 6-month post-op () Daunorubicin: less reoperation 1st year postop (46.1% versus 34.5%, *)