The Acute Effects of Low-Dose TNF-α on Glucose Metabolism and β-Cell Function in Humans
Figure 1
(a) Glucose rate of appearance . Continuous infusion of recombinant TNF-α (700 ng·h−1·m−2) started at 0 min. Shown are geometric means with 95% CI. There was no difference between the two groups. (b) Plasma insulin during infusion of recombinant TNF-α. Shown are geometric means with 95% CI. During the basal period, plasma insulin concentration decreased over time in the TNF-α trial but not in the placebo trial (treatment time, ). (c) Plasma insulin during IVGTT. Shown are geometric means with 95% CI. There was no difference between the two groups. (d) Plasma glucose after IVGTT. Shown are geometric means with 95% CI. There was no difference between the two groups. (e) Free fatty acid (FFA) concentration before and after IVGTT. ¤, different () from min in placebo trial; †, different from min in TNF-α trial. Shown are geometric means with 95% CI. There was no difference between the two groups.
