Differential Associations of Inflammatory and Endothelial Biomarkers with Disease Activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis of Short Duration

Table 2

Biochemical markers of inflammatory activity and endothelial activation.

	RA patients (𝑛=29)		Control group (𝑛=29)		P value	P adjusted^a
	Nv	Mean (SD)	Nv	Mean (SD)
ADMA, µmol/L	29	0.77 (0.2)	28	0.67 (0.18)	0.056	0.154
SDMA, µmol/L	29	0.56 (0.16)	26	0.62 (0.18)	0.125	0.111
ADMA/SDMA ratio	29	1.46 (0.57)	26	1.17 (0.47)	0.045	0.100
sVCAM-1, ng/mL	29	744.18 (190.08)	28	613.3 (148.4)	0.002	0.048
MCP-1, pg/mL	29	395.8 (249.3)	28	262.4 (90.73)	<0.001	0.047
sE-selectin, ng/mL	29	17.65 (8.67)	28	12.45 (8.02)	0.007	0.183
vWf, %	29	109.75 (48.6)	27	73.73 (22.39)	<0.001	0.003
Osteoprotegerin, pmol/L	29	5.18 (1.36)	28	4.01 (1.06)	<0.001	0.108
Pentraxin-3, ng/mL	29	0.74 (0.29)	28	0.45 (0.17)	<0.001	<0.001
ESR, mm/h	28	37.21 (27.44)	29	6.58 (4.79)	<0.001	<0.001
hsCRP, mg/L	29	15.26 (24.6)	29	0.84 (0.71)	<0.001	0.006
TNF-α, pg/mL	29	2.55 (1.06)	28	1.78 (1.07)	<0.001	0.003
Interleukin-6, pg/mL	29	8.48 (8.33)	28	0.86 (0.41)	<0.001	0.001

Data are shown as unadjusted means (SD).
Abbreviations: Nv: valid cases; RA: rheumatoid arthritis; ADMA: asymmetric dimethyl-L-arginine; SDMA: symmetric dimethyl-L-arginine; sVCAM-1: soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1; MCP-1: monocyte chemotactic protein-1; sE-selectin: soluble E-selectin; vWF: von Willebrand factor; ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate; hsCRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-α.
^aage-sex adjusted P-value for the defining groups of patients in ANOVA (GLM models)—type III Sum of Squares (SS) was used.
^‡𝑃<0.05 versus control group, ^¥𝑃<0.05 versus RA patients with low disease activity in post-hoc analyses for adjusted ANOVA.