Rapamycin Attenuated Cardiac Hypertrophy Induced by Isoproterenol and Maintained Energy Homeostasis via Inhibiting NF-κB Activation

Figure 1

Rapa attenuated cardiac hypertrophy induced by consecutive infusion of isoproterenol. (a) Changes in the ratio of heart weight to body weight (HW/BW) and the ratio of left ventricular weight to body weight (LVW/BW). Values represented mean ± SD of 6 rats in each group. (b) Representative high magnification (×400) of left ventricular stained with hematoxylin and eosin from each group. (c) Mean myocyte diameter was calculated by randomly measuring 100 cells from 5 sections in each group. (d) The thickness of left ventricular anterior and posterior wall (left) and left ventricular fraction shortening and left ventricular ejection fraction. Echocardiographic measurements were performed, and values represented as mean ± SD of 6 rats in each group. (e) Gene expression patterns of ANF, BNP, and β-MHC among different groups. The mRNA was prepared and normalized to GAPDH gene. Model, the cardiac hypertrophy model induced by isoproterenol; Rapa, isoproterenol-infused rats treated with Rapa. Values represented as mean ± SD of 4 to 5 rats in each group. ^∗𝑃<0.05 versus control group; ^∗∗𝑃<0.01 versus control group; ^∗∗∗𝑃<0.001 versus control group; ^#𝑃<0.05 versus model group; ^##𝑃<0.01 versus model group; and ^###𝑃<0.001 versus model group.

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