From Placenta to Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: The Role of Adipokines
Table 3
Role of adipokines in puberty.
Adipokine
GnRH, LH, and FSH
Estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T)
Adiponectin
AdipoR2 is regulated by the LH receptor function via a cAMP dependent mechanism [132].
T inhibits secretion from adipocytes. E2 controls oocyte maturation and granulosa cells’ cycle [104, 105].
Leptin
Rises before LH and FSH surge and subsequently declines promoting sexual maturation and pubertal onset. Induces secretion of GnRH and increases pulsatile activity [116, 117].
Rises before T increase and subsequently declines. Reduces ovulation inhibiting E2 and T production acting on Leydig cells [118, 119].