Veronicastrum axillare Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury via Suppression of Proinflammatory Mediators and Downregulation of the NF-κB Signaling Pathway

Figure 4

Effects of V. axillare on the gene expression of key proinflammatory genes in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Various concentrations of V. axillare (250, 500, and 750 μg/mL) were treated to the cells for 1 h before incubation with LPS (1 μg/mL) for 6 h. Additionally, one group was treated with V. axillare (750 μg/mL) alone to observe the effects of V. axillare on the RAW264.7 without LPS stimulation. The mRNA expression of (a) IL-1β, (b) IL-6, (c) IL-10, (d) MCP-1, (e) COX-2, and (f) TNF-α was analyzed by qRT-PCR. Data are presented as the mean ± SD from three independent experiments. Student’s -test was performed to compare individual groups ( and indicate a significant difference compared with the LPS group; indicates a significant difference compared with the untreated group).

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