Cyanidin-3-O-Glucoside Modulates the In Vitro Inflammatory Crosstalk between Intestinal Epithelial and Endothelial Cells

Figure 5

Leukocyte adhesion in HUVECs cocultured for 4 hours with Caco-2 cell monolayers previously pretreated for 24 hours with 20 μM C3G or with 25 μM WED for one hour and subsequently exposed to 50 ng/mL TNF-α for one hour. Increase in leukocyte adhesion is expressed as fold of change versus the basal adhesion of leukocytes to control (HUVECs treated with Caco-2 exposed to the vehicle alone; CTR) that was set to 1. Data are reported as mean (±SD) of three separate experiments. versus CTR; versus TNF-α; versus C3G.