Interleukin 35 Polymorphisms Are Associated with Decreased Risk of Premature Coronary Artery Disease, Metabolic Parameters, and IL-35 Levels: The Genetics of Atherosclerotic Disease (GEA) Study
Table 1
Clinical and metabolic characteristics of the studied groups.
Control
Premature CAD
Age (years)
51 ± 9
54 ± 8
<0.001
Gender (% male)
40.7
81.1
<0.001
Body mass index (kg/m2)
27.3 [24.9–30.2]
28.3 [25.9–31.1]
<0.001
Waist circumferences (cm)
92 ± 11
98 ± 10
<0.001
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)
111 [103–121]
116 [106–127]
<0.001
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)
70 [65–76]
71 [66–78]
0.001
Total adipose tissue (cm2)
416 [330–514]
425 [340–523]
0.147
Visceral adipose tissue (cm2)
130 [98–172]
168 [129–215]
<0.001
Subcutaneous adipose tissue (cm2)
280 [209–356]
245 [193–313]
<0.001
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)
190 [167–210]
160 [132–193]
<0.001
High density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dL)
46 [37–56]
37 [32–44]
<0.001
Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dL)
116 [95–133]
91 [68–116]
<0.001
Triglycerides (mg/dL)
138 [102–190]
162 [119–219]
<0.001
Non-HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)
141 [119–162]
120 [93–151]
<0.001
Alanine aminotransferase (IU/L)
23 [17–32]
26 [19–36]
<0.001
Aspartate aminotransferase (IU/L)
24 [20–30]
26 [22–31]
<0.001
Glucose (mg/dL)
87 [82–92]
95 [87–117]
<0.001
Insulin (µIU/mL)
16 [12–21]
20 [15–28]
<0.001
Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance
3.3 [2.4–4.7]
5.1 [3.5–7.7]
<0.001
High sensitivity C reactive protein (mg/L)
1.4 [0.7–2.9]
1.2 [0.6–2.6]
0.005
Adiponectin (µg/mL)
8.5 [5.3–13.6]
5.2 [3.2–8,1]
<0.001
Uric acid (mg/dL)
5.3 [4.3–6.3]
6.5 [5.4–7.4]
<0.001
Data are shown as mean ± standard deviation, median [interquartile range], or percentage. Comparisons were made using Student’s -test or Mann–Whitney test, as appropriate, for continuous variables, and by Chi square analysis for categorical variables. CAD: coronary artery disease.
