The Antimalarial Chloroquine Suppresses LPS-Induced NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Confers Protection against Murine Endotoxic Shock

Figure 3

CQ restrains NF-κB p65 phosphorylation and nuclear localization. (a) Western blot of phospho-NF-κB p65 (Ser536). Cells were pretreated with 40 μM CQ for 1 h and then 100 ng/ml LPS treated for 2 h and 4 h, respectively. Total cell protein was collected for western blot of NF-κB p65 phosphorylation and GAPDH. versus LPS group (2 h). versus LPS group (4 h). (b) Cells were pretreated with 40 μM CQ for 1 h and then stimulated by LPS for 30 min. IκB-α and phospho-IκB-α levels were detected by western blot. (c) Confocal images of nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65. Cells were pretreated with different concentrations of CQ for 1 h, followed by 100 ng/ml LPS treatment for 2 h. Cells were stained by anti-NF-κB p65 (red) antibodies and DAPI (blue) for nuclear staining. (d) Cells were treated as in (b). ERK, p38, and JNK and their phosphorylated forms (p-IκB-α, p-ERK, p-p38, and p-JNK) in cell lysates were detected by western blot.

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