Taenia crassiceps Antigens Control Experimental Type 1 Diabetes by Inducing Alternatively Activated Macrophages

Figure 7

Clodronate treatment reveals a role for AAMϕs in T1D protection. Mice were infected i.p. by T. crassiceps metacestodes. After the sixth week post infection, mice were induced by MLD-STZ and then were injected with clodronate-loaded liposomes or PBS-loaded liposomes, 3 times for a week during four weeks p.i. T1D. (a) Diagram of experimental design. (b) Blood glucose of mice during 6 weeks post T1D induction. (Differences between STZ/Tc PBS and STZ PBS. ⁺Differences between the STZ/Tc PBS group and STZ Cl. ^&&Differences between STZ/Tc PBS and STZ/Tc Cl). (c) Mice free of diabetes. Percent of mice free of diabetes (glycemia higher than 200 mg/dl were considered diabetic). Differences between STZ and STZ/Tc PBS. (d) Flow cytometry of FSC^highF4/80⁺ and FSC^highCD11b⁺ peritoneal cells. (e) Flow cytometry of PECs marked for F4/80, MMR, and PDL-2. (f) CD11b⁺Ly6C⁺ and CD11bLy6G⁺ cells were analyzed in a FACs. For comparisons between two groups, the Mann–Whitney U test was applied to test differences with nonparametric data. Experiments with multiple groups were tested by the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn’s multiple comparison test. The data shown are the mean ± SEM. and . Data are representative of 2 independent experiments. mice per group.

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