Involvement of M1 Macrophage Polarization in Endosomal Toll-Like Receptors Activated Psoriatic Inflammation

<div>Induction of M1 macrophage polarization by endosomal Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7–9 ligands. (a) THP-1 macrophages and (b) bone marrow-derived macrophages were treated with 2 <i>μ</i>M R848 or CpG-2006 for 24 h. In addition, these cells were treated with 20 ng/mL interferon- (IFN-) <i>γ</i> and interleukin- (IL-) 4 for 24 h for control of M1 and M2 macrophage polarization, respectively. Polarization of the macrophages into M1 and M2 phenotypes was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis for expression of their signature genes. 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Mediators of Inflammation

fig4

Figure 4

Figure 4: Involvement of M1 Macrophage Polarization in Endosomal Toll-Like Receptors Activated Psoriatic Inflammation 