Alleviation of Hepatic Ischemia Reperfusion Injury by Oleanolic Acid Pretreating via Reducing HMGB1 Release and Inhibiting Apoptosis and Autophagy

Figure 3

OA reduces HMGB1 production and downregulates TNF-α-mediated JNK signaling. (a) Serum TNF-α level and hepatic TNF-α mRNA expression detected by ELISA and real-time PCR, respectively. (b) mRNA levels of HMGB1 and TLR4 determined by real-time PCR. (c) Protein levels of TNF-α, HMGB1, TLR4, phospho-JNK, and total JNK at three time points evaluated by western blotting. (d) Protein levels of TNF-α, HMGB1, TLR4, and phospho-JNK at 8 h after hepatic IR quantified by immunohistochemistry (original magnification: 200x). Data are presented as (, versus sham, versus IR).

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