The Role of Infection in Acute Exacerbation of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Table 4

Pathogens in sputum of IPF patients.

Pathogens	Number of strains
	AE-IPF ()	Stable IPF ()	Total ()
Gram-negative bacteria	9	25	34
Klebsiella pneumoniae	2	8	10
Acinetobacter baumannii	0	4	4
Mycobacterium tuberculosis	4	4	8
Pseudomonas aeruginosa	1	2	3
Loffi Acinetobacter	1	0	1
Serratia marcescens	0	1	1
Enterobacter cloacae	0	1	1
Raoultella	0	1	1
Other	1	4	5
Gram-positive cocci	0	4	4
Total no. of bacterial strain	9	29	38
Positive cases	9	26	35
Positive rate	9/48 (18.8%)	26/122 (21.3%)	35/170 (20.6%)