TREM-1 and TREM-2 Expression on CD14⁺ Cells in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid in Pulmonary Sarcoidosis and Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis in the Context of T Cell Immune Response

Table 1

Differences in immunological features between sarcoidosis and HP.

	Sarcoidosis	Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
Total number of cells and percentage of lymphocytes in BALF	Normal or mildly elevated total cell count with lymphocytosis (usually <50% of lymphocytes)	High total cell count (usually >20 × 10^6/100 mL BALF) with remarkable increment of lymphocytes (usually >50%)
CD4/CD8 ratio in BALF	Tendency to be increased	Tendency to be decreased/normal (varies according to the type of antigen, the intensity of exposure, smoking habit...)
Granulomas	Well-formed, tightly packed	Poorly formed small
Site of pathologic process	Perilymphatic, peribronchovascular, interstitium	Centrilobular, bronchiolocentric and peribronchiolal interstitium
Lymphadenopathy	Mediastinal and hilar/generalized	No/mediastinal and hilar may be present
Splenomegaly	Yes/no	No
Multisystem disorder	Yes	No